Ketamin 10%
Ketamin 10% is a rapid-acting general anesthetic producing dissociative anesthesia, used for diagnostic and surgical procedures.
Societes/Labos: Pharmavet Maroc
Description
Ketamin 10% is a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist that blocks glutamate. It has a direct action on the cortex and limbic system. It produces a cataleptic-like state wherein the patient is withdrawn from the surrounding environment. Ketamin 10% is a rapid-acting general anesthetic producing an anesthetic state characterized by profound analgesia, normal pharyngeal-laryngeal reflexes, normal or slightly enhanced skeletal muscle tone, cardiovascular and respiratory stimulation, and occasionally a transient and minimal respiratory depression. The anesthetic state produced by Ketamin 10% has been termed as "dissociative anesthesia" in that it appears to selectively interrupt association pathways of the brain before producing somesthetic sensory blockade. It may selectively depress the thalamoneocortical system before significantly obtunding the more ancient cerebral centers and pathways (reticular-activating and limbic systems). Ketamin 10% enhances descending inhibiting serotoninergic pathways and can exert antidepressive effects. These effects are seen in concentrations ten times lower than the needed concentration for anesthetic proposes. The effect of ketamine can be described as analgesic by the prevention of central sensitization in dorsal horn neurons as well as by the inhibition on the synthesis of nitric oxide. Ketamin 10% can present cardiovascular changes and bronchodilatation.
Indications
Ketamin 10% is recommended for: As the sole anesthetic agent for diagnostic and surgical procedures that do not require skeletal muscle relaxation. Ketamin 10% is best suited for short procedures and it can be used with additional doses, for longer procedures. For the induction of anesthesia prior to the administration of other general anesthetic agents. To supplement low-potency agents, such as nitrous oxide. Ketamin 10% is also used to associated treatment for these conditions: General Anesthesia, Induction and Maintenance of General Anesthesia
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